The Global Citizen					October 19, 2000

HARD QUESTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES
Well, the "debates," carefully controlled by the major political parties, are over.  I guess it was too much to expect that hard or important questions would be asked.  But the candidates are still on the road, where they might be questioned by an unscripted, thinking citizen.  Or by a reporter who believes that fitness to lead a nation rests upon criteria more stringent than whether a person sighs or grins, whether he's tanned or pale, whether he makes a "gaffe."
Here's what I keep hoping someone will ask:
To both candidates: You have defined your campaigns around how you would spend a budget surplus.  Meanwhile both your parties in Congress have been violating the budgetary agreements that have created the surplus.  They are going beyond spending limits, often for pork-barrel projects unrelated to any priorities you are proposing.
What do you intend to do to bring your party under control, so there might actually be a surplus?
Whether or not you succeed in doing that, you know that future surpluses are theoretical, based on a "rosy scenario" of steady economic growth.  Suppose that scenario does not come to pass.  The surplus shrinks.  Which of the three priorities you have emphasized -- tax cuts, increased spending (especially on the military), or debt retirement -- would you give up first?  Why?
Vice President Gore: You are well aware that many of your programs, from health care reform to campaign reform to environmental protection, have been blocked by the Republican majority in Congress.  Suppose you are elected and you continue to face a similar majority.  How can you possibly keep your campaign promises?  What can you do to get your programs passed that Bill Clinton hasn't tried already?  Why aren't you campaigning actively for a Democratic Congress?
Governor Bush: You claim to be a healer, able to cross partisan lines.  Surely you know that the Congressional leaders of your party have been practitioners of unceasingly nasty partisan politics.  Do you intend to reign them in?  If so, how?
Both candidates: You both celebrate "free trade," the World Trade Organization, "globalization."  The people protesting globalization in the streets of Seattle last year were not just wild anarchists.  They were farmers, workers, scientists, professors, students, economists, all of whom claim that unrestricted trade can be a danger to the environment, to workers, and to communities.
Do you think they're wrong?  If not, if some of their warnings might be valid, what, in your enthusiasm for expanded trade, do you propose to do about them?
Vice President Gore: Congressional Republicans have been undermining our environmental laws by attaching "riders" to important spending bills, which the president must sign to keep the government running.  Every year there are riders, for example, to exempt logging in certain national forests from the forestry laws; to exempt particular federal water projects from the Endangered Species Act; to permit mining operations to dump toxic wastes on federal lands.  President Clinton has signed some of those riders into law and refused to sign others -- in one famous case "shutting down the government" to make his point.
What will be your policy on anti-environmental riders?  Will you sign none of them or some of them?  If some of them, what criteria will you use to decide?
Governor Bush: Do you think members of your party should undermine federal environmental laws with these riders?  If they continue to do so, will you sign any or all of them?
Both candidates:  You each favor the death penalty.  You have both stated that you believe it has a deterrent effect. Do you have any evidence for that?  If there were in fact no evidence -- if, for example, the murder rate were as high in places with a death penalty as it is in places without one, would you still support government executions?
Governor Bush:  If, as you propose, we explore for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, geologists say we're not likely to find more than a six-month supply.  Our domestic oil production has been going down since 1970, because our wells are running out.  What do you 
Vice President Gore:  If you really did write that book about the environment, you know that
(Donella Meadows is an adjunct professor at Dartmouth College and director of the Sustainability Institute in Hartland, Vermont -- see www.sustainer.org.)
Copyright Sustainability Institute 2000